Fort Wayne and you can Allen County’s high society miss try almost certainly owed to help you increasing racial polarization inside late 1850s. Which count continued to help you ericans of the 1870 census. The fresh county’s populace increased to help you 169 within the 1880 and it has since trended up, enumerating 41,618 African People in america in the 2010 census.
Bibliography
Kirby, J. Randolph. “Notes for the Emergence regarding a black colored People from inside the Fort Wayne, Indiana anywhere between 1820 and you may 1850.” Old Fort Reports 54: 1-several.
Quinn, Angela Meters. This new Underground Railroad together with Antislavery Course in Fort Wayne and you will Allen County, Indiana. Fort Wayne, IN: Arch, Inc., 2001.
Stith, Hana L. Smoking cigarettes a forgotten Legacy, Dark colored sexy Campina grande girl Background, Fort Wayne, Indiana. Fort Wayne, Ind.: African & Dark colored Neighborhood Art gallery, 2005.
You.S. Bureau of Census. “Aggregate Level of For every Breakdown of People contained in this Area regarding Indiana,” 1: 352. Sixth Census of your own You, 1840. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Office, 1841.
U.S. Bureau of one’s Census. People regarding Civil Divisions Less than Counties; Desk III Condition regarding Indiana,” 1:124 Seventh Census of your own Us, 1850 Arizona, D.C.: You.S. Census Work environment, 1852
You.S. Agency of Census. Populace out of Civil Departments Below Counties; Dining table III State of Indiana,” 1:124 Eighth Census of one’s All of us, 1860. Arizona, D.C.: U.S. Census Place of work, 1862
U.S. Agency of Census. “Inhabitants out of Municipal Divisions Less than Counties; Desk III-State of Indiana,” 1: 124. Ninth Census of your own Us, 1870. Arizona, D.C.: You.S. Regulators Printing Office, 1872.
Bartholomew County is designed into the 1821. Based on government censuses, the full level of blacks and mulattos was 6 inside the 1830 (such as the Nancy Tyler and you will James Slight household), 34 within the 1840, 82 when you look at the 1850, six from inside the 1860, and you can 42 for the 1870.
Bartholomew County’s one to recognized payment both named “Africa,” “Smokey Hill,” otherwise “Nigger Slope” was situated in Columbus Township
The important drop off off 1850 to help you 1860 is associated with brand new negative racial conditions and you may/or top monetary options in other parts (Handley and you can Robbins, 33). It was not until 1880 your town of Columbus watched an excellent ample boost in their black colored populace.A lot of these residents lived in Columbus Township as well as the town of Columbus. Several of its surnames was indeed: Jones, Oxendine, Galbreath, Mitchell, Simmons and Newby. (Newby and you can Slope was names that have been with the Beech Settlement inside close Hurry Condition.) These very early settlers originated North carolina, Sc, Virginia and you can Indiana.
Many family members that have been from the 1850 census was along with placed in the fresh new Register regarding Negroes and you will Mulattoes getting Bartholomew County. (Robbins, Indiana Negro Files 1852-1865) Researcher Xenia E. Cable covers a not known Bartholomew Condition payment within her article, “Black Outlying Agreements from inside the Indiana just before 1860” (Gibbs, 104-105). Towards the July 29, 1927, historian George Pence displayed a newspaper ahead of a mutual appointment off the new Bartholomew Condition Historical People and State-house Literary Pub (Paulette Roberts Collection). Throughout the report, Pence says: “Along in the early fifties a little many Negroes, certain 50 souls, all the told, got settled throughout the southern part of Columbus, and settlement try in your neighborhood labeled as Africa.
Inside senior years adopting the emigration of your colored somebody the area was made into a far more progressive identity that of Smokey Row. It appears town entitled “Africa” and you may “Smokey Row” is described as “Nigger Slope” on later 1870s. A keen African Methodist Episcopal Church Congregation when you look at the Columbus is defined as being an integral part of the newest Salem Circuit with cuatro players from inside the 1841 (Times, Indiana Annual Conference, AME Church). In the 1850 there had been three “negro” property owners having home valued during the $520 (Heller, 303).