Stavropol region. A historical-geographic region throughout the Russian Federation found in the main region away from Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban River (and Kuban area) into the west, the brand new Terek region into the the southern area of, the latest Wear area towards the northern, brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic to the northeast, together with lands of your own Caucasian hill peoples to the south and you can southwestern. The new Stavropol part basically matches in the territory toward former Stavropol gubernia (in its 18611920 line, 59,five-hundred sq kilometer) as well as the afterwards Stavropol krai, quicker the Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq . km).
Real geography. The big part of the Stavropol part try filled by Stavropol Upland; the fresh slight portion possess areas of the new Caspian Lowland throughout the east, new Kuma-Manych Depression regarding the northern, in addition to hills of your own Caucasus Hills regarding the southwest. New environment of your Stavropol region is actually transformation, off moderate continental in the western so you’re able to drier and a lot more continental regarding eastern. The larger ones include the Yegorlyk (which flows to the Manych), the newest Kalaus, the Kuma, therefore the Kuban and its particular upper tributaries, the brand new Velykyi Zelenchuk plus the Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk canals). River water is used for irrigation. Small, generally saline lakes are plentiful; the biggest ‘s the narrow however, 160-km-enough time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the centrally located Stavropol area stayed sparsely inhabited because of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (an excellent Turkic-speaking anybody) and Kalmyk anyone (a Mongol-talking group), just who to each other numbered regarding the 80,000
The fresh earth from the west and main an element of the Stavropol area try individuals chernozems and you CrГ©dits cebuanas may chestnut earth; on the east and you may northeast it become white chestnut. The fresh new absolute vegetation as well as changes eastward with decreasing humidity, out-of meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe to inactive fescuefeather grass steppe and then semidesert vegetation off wormwood, deceased fescue, and you can feather turf. About a lot more moist a portion of the Stavropol Upland and in new Caucasus foothills the latest sheer plant life is actually forest-steppe that have oak-hornbeam-beech woods. Today both steppe and the tree-steppe are nearly totally eliminated to own agriculture.
Background. Regarding the middle-16th century the Caucasus while the Stavropol region began to become with the experience of Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and you can seventeenth many years Subcaucasia knowledgeable the newest roots out of Cossack colonization (new Wear Cossacks on west and also the Terek Cossacks inside brand new east). Caucasian mountain individuals, the newest Karachai while the Cherkess, lived in the fresh hills of area.
At the beginning of the eighteenth century the new Stavropol area nominally turned into an element of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent agreements, not, just weren’t based till the past quarter of the century, whenever, from inside the 177780, the fresh Russian bodies centered a type of forts, brand new Mozdok-Azov line, which have headquarters at the Stavropol, so you can secure the Caucasian hill peoples. Of the 1785 the Stavropol part molded section of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated a good gubernia into the 1802. Adopting the multiple identity transform it was designated given that Stavropol gubernia into the 1847. Its limitations have been in the end fixed for the 1861, whether or not it is actually broke up off Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (just like the 1898) was not element of Caucasus krai.
Till the 1930s the latest Stavropol part is paid by the both Ukrainians and you can Russians, and you will constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The Russian regulators advertised new fast colonization of your own Stavropol part so you can present a bottom to own army techniques on the Caucasus. Part of you to point was attained by the granting preference tracts out-of property so you’re able to Russian noblemen, just who compensated all of them with their serfs. A far more high cause for colonization, however, is the new natural settlement of the condition peasants who have been unimpeded from the this new main regulators. In reality this new imperial authorities legalized extant claims into ukase out of 1804 and you will given help to those who had settled when you look at the brand new Stavropol area. By the end of 1850s the populace out of Stavropol gubernia had risen up to 340,000 (5.5 persons for every sq kilometer). The just town, Stavropol, grew from around step three,000 owners inside the 1800 to 17,600 residents into the 1853. More heavily settled portion was basically this new steppes between your Yegorlyk together with Kalaus canals in addition to Kalaus River area. The populace away from Stavropol gubernia (plus Terek oblast) when you look at the 1853 contained forty-eight.eight percent Cossacks, 32 % state peasants, sixteen.2 % nomadic herders, and 3.one percent serfs while some.